Wireless Access Points and Cell Towers
The most visible parts of any wireless network are the access points and cell towers that broadcast and receive signals. Wi-Fi networks rely on wireless access points (WAPs) to establish local coverage areas for devices to connect to. Modern WAPs can support hundreds of connected devices simultaneously. Cellular networks instead use cell towers or base stations spaced several miles apart to partition coverage into adjacent "cells". As users move between cells, their active connection seamlessly transfers or hands off to the new tower.

Backhaul and Core Network Infrastructure
While access points and towers interface directly with users, they are only part of the broader Wireless Infrastructure picture. Behind each tower is a complex wired backhaul network that transports data traffic between towers and the core network. Fiber optic cables are typically used to link towers to aggregation points and switching centers. Redundant paths and connections ensure high availability. At the core are specialized servers and routers that administer the network, handle connections and account information, and provide access to services. Data centers house these core systems alongside storage solutions.

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